We reviewed and analyzed 313 patients sustaining abdominal trauma who were treated at the Seoul Red Cross Hospital between January 1973 and June 1982. Among those, two hundred nine patients have previously been reported. The results were as follows:
1) Abdominal trauma occurred in male and younger age group with predominantly high incidence, namely, male to female ratio was 4.2:1 and second, third, fourth decades were prevalent age groups(72.5%).
2) Spring(26.8%) and autumn(32.3%) revealed high incidence in season distribution.
3) Among 313 cases of the abdominal trauma, blunt trauma was 243 cases(77.6%) and penetrating trauma was 70 cases(22.4%), the ratio, approximately 3.5:1.
4) The causes of injury were blow or kick in 95 cases(30.4%), traffic accident in 87 cases (27.8%), stab wound in 66 cases(21%) and fall in 48 cases(15.3%) in order of frequency.
5) Injuries caused by violence(blow or kick, stab wound) had increasing tendency compared with traffic accident in our review.
6) Among 124 cases of the hollow viscus rupture, free air was noticed in 59 cases(47.6%).
7) Among 243 cases of the abdominal blunt trauma, paracentesis was performed in 135 cases (55.6%). The result was as follows; positive in 102 cases(75.6%), negative in 33 cases(24.4%). False positive in 7 cases, false negative in 18 cases. Accuracy rate of positive findings was 93.1% and negative findings was 45.5%.
8) 253 patients(80.8%) were treated with exploratory laparotomy and positive fidings were observed in 229 cases(90. 5%).
9) 153 patients(60.5%) were operated within 12 hours from the time of injury.
10) The common intraabdominal organs injured were small bowel(23.4%), spleen(ll.0%), mesentery(9. 9%), retroperitoneum(9. 3%) and liver(8. 8%).
11) The associated extraabdominal organs to injury were chest and mediastinum in 45 cases (23.8%), pelvis in 22 cases(11.6%), upper and lower extremities in 37 cases(19.6%) and head & neck in 17 cases(9.O%).
12) The incidence of postoperative complications was 41.1% and common complications were wound infection(34.2%), pulmonary complications (24.2%), intestinal obstruction (6.8%) and entero-cutaneous fistula(6.8%).
13) The overall mortality rate was 13. 1%(41 cases) and the postoperative mortality rate was 11.5%. The mortality rate of blunt trauma was 14.8% and penetrating trauma was 7.1%, 2 times higher in blunt rauma.
14) The most frequent cause of death was hypovolemic shock(41.5%). Other causes of death included sepsis(22.0%), cardio-pulmonary failure(22.0%) and head injury(4.9%).
15) Contributing factors to mortality were mechanism of injury, age, associated or combined injuries, shock state on arrival, amount of transfusion and hematologic findings on admission.
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